Search results for " biota"
showing 10 items of 20 documents
Biodiversity in canopy-forming algae: Structure and spatial variability of the Mediterranean Cystoseira assemblages
2018
Abstract In the Mediterranean Sea, Cystoseira species are the most important canopy-forming algae in shallow rocky bottoms, hosting high biodiverse sessile and mobile communities. A large-scale study has been carried out to investigate the structure of the Cystoseira-dominated assemblages at different spatial scales and to test the hypotheses that alpha and beta diversity of the assemblages, the abundance and the structure of epiphytic macroalgae, epilithic macroalgae, sessile macroinvertebrates and mobile macroinvertebrates associated to Cystoseira beds changed among scales. A hierarchical sampling design in a total of five sites across the Mediterranean Sea (Croatia, Montenegro, Sardinia,…
Microplastic incorporation into soil in agroecosystems
2017
Background: We live in a plastic age (Thompson et al., 2009), with microplastic (typically defined as plastic particles < 5 mm) becoming an increasingly appreciated aspect of environmental pollution. Research has been overwhelmingly focused on aquatic systems, especially the oceans, but there is a current shift to more strongly consider terrestrial ecosystems (Rillig, 2012; Horton et al., 2017). In particular agroecosystems are coming into focus as a major entry point for microplastics in continental systems (Nizzetto et al., 2016b), where contamination might occur via different sources as sludge amendment or plastic mulching (Steinmetz et al., 2016). Given the central role of agroecosystem…
Analysis of emerging and related pollutants in aquatic biota
2020
Water bodies cover approximately 70 % of the earth s surface, making them ecosystems with a high environmental value and the habitat for numerous species of flora and fauna. Emerging pollutants (EPs) are ubiquitous anthropogenic compounds of environmental concern that can be found at different concentration levels in matrices such as sediment, water and aquatic biota. In addition, EPs can be bioaccumulated and biomagnified, inducing adverse effects on biota, and posing a risk to humans when contaminated biota is consumed. Unlike abiotic matrices, the occurrence of EPs in aquatic biota has not been widely studied. This is probably because their complexity, due to the presence of lipids, prot…
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively affect growth of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle seedlings and show a strong association with this invasi…
2015
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may promote plant invasion by enhancing plant performance and competitiveness. However, only a small number of studies have considered the interactions between local soil microbial communities and invasive plants, and even fewer have focused on alien trees. Ailanthus altissima is a serious problem in the Mediterranean Basin, where it has invaded many habitats. We investigated the symbiosis between A. altissima and indigenous AMF in two invaded, ecologically different Mediterranean woodlands. Mycorrhizal infection was high at both sites (> 60% of the root fragments were mycorrhizal), indicating that A. altissima roots may be infected by AMF under different …
Emerging brominated flame retardants and dechlorane-related compounds in European eels (Anguilla anguilla) from Latvian lakes
2017
Abstract Fifteen halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) including seven emerging brominated flame retardants (EBFRs) and eight dechlorane-related compounds (DRCs) were analyzed in eels (Anguilla anguilla) sampled from five Latvian lakes. Out of the seven EBFRs, hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) were found in eels in quantifiable concentrations, up to 6.58 and 33.0 ng g−1 lipid weight (l.w.), respectively. The mean total concentration of DRCs (∑DRC) in the samples was 0.62 ng g−1 l.w. and the geographical distribution of DRC contamination was nearly uniform among the selected lakes. Dechlorane 602 (Dec 602) was the predominant component, whereas the composition …
Contaminants of emerging concern in freshwater fish from four Spanish Rivers.
2019
This study investigated the occurrence of 135 contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) – pharmaceuticals, pesticides, a set of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) (parabens, bisphenols, hormones, triazoles, organophosphorus flame retardants and triclosan), UV-filters, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) – in 59 fish samples, collected in 2010 in 4 Spanish Rivers (Guadalquivir, Júcar, Ebro and Llobregat). Of the 135 CECs, 76 including 8 pharmaceuticals, 25 pesticides, 10 EDCs, 5 UV-filters, 15 PFASs and 13 HFRs were detected. Pharmaceuticals were the less frequently found and at lower concentrations. Pesticides, EDCs, UV-filters, PFASs and HFRs were det…
Diversité et distribution des thylacocéphales du Trias inférieur
2021
International audience
Toxic Effects of Organometallic Compounds towards Marine Biota
2002
Organometallic derivatives are compounds containing a direct σ or π carbon metal linkage. Furthermore, the concept of the metallic atom must be extended to all the elements that are less negative than the carbon atom. As a consequence, taking into account all elements that are less negative than carbon and the number of existing organic compounds, it is possible to synthesize millions of organometallic derivatives. Several of these are extensively used in organic syntheses; others may find application in agriculture and in many other fields as pesticides, fire retardants, wood preservatives, antifouling agents, etc. In general, the organic derivatives of the metals are more toxic than the p…
Polychlorinated Dibenzothiophenes (PCDTs), Thianthrenes (PCTAs) and Their Alkylated Derivatives
2000
Polychlorinated dibenzothiophenes (PCDTs) and polychlorinated thianthrenes (PCTAs) are interesting compounds due to their structural similarity with polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs). PCDTs are sulfur analogues of PCDFs and PCTAs are sulfur analogues of PCDDs. PCDTs and PCTAs are probably formed by processes similar to the formation of PCDFs and PCDDs. PCDTs were first detected in the environment in 1986. Since then PCDTs have been analyzed in samples from combustion and metallurgy, sediments, pulp mill effluents, and in aquatic biota. Combustion and metallurgy seem to be the major sources of PCDTs in the environment. PCDTs and PCTAs are ana…
150 years of the discovery of the Cambrian Lagerstätte of Murero (Cadenas Ibéricas, NE Spain)
2013
El yacimiento paleontológico del Cámbrico inferior-medio de Murero (Cadenas Ibéricas, NE de España) es una localidad clásica del Cámbrico europeo. Fue dado a conocer a la ciencia por Edouard de Verneuil en 1862, celebrándose en 2012 el 150 aniversario de su descubrimiento. Es un siglo y medio de trabajos geológicos y de logros puestos al servicio del conocimiento del Período Cámbrico. Murero es un Lagerstätte excepcional porque coexisten en él grupos esqueléticos y de cuerpo blando a lo largo de un registro estratigráfico continuo que abarca unos 8 millones de años, dividido en 14 zonas de trilobites. En 1997, este yacimiento paleontológico fue el primero de España en obtener de la Administ…